fiscal在巴西什么意思

① 翻译葡萄牙语

必要财政分类给在巴西进入。

② Nota fiscal 什么意思

美国的财政年

③ 谁有国际贸易 国际金融方面的专业英语资料

首先，建议你下载高盛财经词典。
其次，你可以把邮箱给我，我发一些internantional trade&internantional finance的全英文课件给你。里面有名词解释。
最后，我可以给你一些internantional finance的双语名词解释给你。

Professonal terms
1、balance of payments; 贸易支付差额a system of recording all of a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world over a period of one year
2、the current account; the current account is one of the two primary components of the balance of payments：货物、服务、收入和经常转移。

3、the capital account; It is the sum of the balance of trade (exports minus imports of goods and services)
资本与金融账户（Capital and Financial Account）与经常账户相对，国际收支上本国与外国之间资本流动的记录，反映本国资产和负债状况的变动，包含贷款和投资相关的资本流动。
4、the double-entry bookkeeping; The basic principle of double entry bookkeeping is that every transaction has a twofold effect.复式记账法的基本原理是每笔交易都有借贷双方。This system is called double-entry because each transaction is recorded in at least two accounts. Each transaction results in at least one account being debited and at least one account being credited, with the total debits of the transaction equal to the total credits
5、merchandise trade balance; 商品贸易的平衡The Merchandise Trade Balance is a measure of "visible" trade
6、 current account balance; 经常账目平衡The current account balance is the difference between a country's savings and its investment指对实际资源的流动行为进行记录的帐户，包括：货物、服务、收入和经常转移。
7、The overall balance; 综合平衡 An overall measurement of a country's private financial and economic transactions with the rest of the world
8、the official reserve asset balance; 官方储备。官方储备是指一个国家由官方所持有的国际储备资产，包括黄金、外汇和特别提款权。一个国家在一定时期的国际收支不可能完全平衡，总会发生差额。如果不平衡，就要通过动用官方储备，来弥补或轧平这个时期国际收支的差额，实现该时期国际收支的平衡。
9、the Errors and Omissions; 错误与遗漏(0) Error & Omission insurance protects a business professional whose clients could claim damages as a result of business professional's faulty performance.
10.residents;
11.the international investment position; 国际投资头寸 外汇头寸——是指外汇银行所持有的各种外币帐户余额状况，即外汇银行

的外汇买卖的余缺状况。A country's international investment position (IIP) is a financial statement setting out the value and composition of that country's external financial assets and liabilities.
12.the IMF; The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization that oversees the global financial system by following the macroeconomic policies of its member countries, in particular those with an impact on exchange rates and the balance of payments. It also offers financial and technical assistance to its members, making it an international lender of last resort. Its headquarters are located in Washington, D.C., USA. 国际货币基金组织（或国际货币基金，英文简称：IMF）是国际金融组织，职责是通过监察货币汇率和各国贸易情况、以及提供技术和资金协助，确保全球金融制度运作正常。1945年12月27日正式成立。总部设在华盛顿
13.the reserve position in the IMF; 国际货币基金有储备金，供国家借用，以在短时间内稳定货币；做法类似在往来户口中透支。所借款项必须于5年内清还。
14.SDRs 特别提款权（special drawing right,SDR)是国际货币基金组织创设的一种储备资产和记帐单位，亦称“纸黄金(Paper Gold)”。它是基金组织分配给会员国的一种使用资金的权利。会员国在发生国际收支逆差时，可用它向基金组织指定的其他会员国换取外汇，以偿付国际收支逆差或偿还基金组织的贷款，还可与黄金、自由兑换货币一样充当国际储备。但由于其只是一种记帐单位，不是真正货币，使用时必须先换成其他货币，不能直接用于贸易或非贸易的支付。因为它是国际货币基金组织原有的普通提款权以外的一种补充，所以称为特别提款权（SDR）。

15.foreign exchange; 外汇 foreign exchange (FX市场)通常指以外国货币表示的可用于国际结算的各种支付手段。包括:外国货币、外币存款、外币有价证券(政府公债、国库券、公司债券、股票等)、外币支付凭证(票据、银行存款凭证、邮政储蓄凭证等)。
16.exchange rate; 汇率 (exchange rate) 【概念】 汇率亦称“外汇行市或汇价”。一国货币兑换另一国货币的比率,是以一种货币表示另一种货币的价格。
17.spot exchange rate; 即期汇率
现汇汇率：分买入汇率和卖出汇率。买入汇率（ByyingRate)又称外汇买入价，是指银行向客户买入外汇时所使用的汇率。一般地，外币折合本币数较少的那个汇率是买入汇率，它表示买入一定数额的外汇需要付出多少本国货币。卖出汇率（sellingRate）又称外汇卖出价，是指银行向客户卖出外汇时所使用的汇率。一般地，外币折合本币数较多的那个汇率是卖出汇率，它表示银行卖出一定数额的外汇需要收回多少本国货币。
18.forward exchange; 远期汇率
外汇期货是交易双方约定在未来某一时间，依据现在约定的比例，以一种货币交换另一种货币的标准化合约的交易。是指以汇率为标的物的期货合约，用来回避汇率风险。
19.intangible market; 无形资产，是指企业拥有或者控制的没有实物形态的可. 辨认非货币性资产。
20.a vehicle currency;
21.SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications); SWIFT全世界银行间金融电信学会是一个协作组织，它运营着世界级的金融电文网络，银行和其他金融机构通过它与同业交换电文（message），从而完成金融交易。除此之外，SWIFT还向金融机构销售软件和服务，其中大部分的用户都在使用SWIFT网络。到2006年4月为止，SWIFT的服务已经遍及205个国家，接入的金融机构超过7800家。
22.CHIPS (Clearing House International Payments System);
23. floating exchange rate; 1. 概念:一国货币当局不再规定本国货币与外国货币比价和汇率波动的幅度，货币当局也不承担维持汇率波动界限的义务，而听任汇率随外汇市场供求变化自由波动的一种汇率制度。
24.the equilibrium exchange rate;
25.fixed exchange rate; 这种制度规定本国货币与其他国家货币之间维持一个固定比率，汇率波动只能限制在一定范围内，由官方干预来保证汇率的稳定。
26.the band of exchange rate;
27.par value; Par value, in finance and accounting, means stated value or face value.
28.the appreciation; 升值
29.the depreciation; 贬值
30.the revaluation;货币升值
31.the devaluation; 货币贬值 货币贬值（又称通货贬值），是货币升值的对称，是指单位货币所含有的价值或所代表的价值的下降，即单位货币价格下降货币贬值可以从不同角度来理解。
32.arbitrage; 套利( spreads):
指同时买进和卖出两张不同种类的期货合约。交易者买进自认为是"便宜的"合约，同时卖出那些"高价的"合约，从两合约价格间的变动关系中获利。在进行套利时，交易者注意的是合约之间的相互价格关系，而不是绝对价格水平。套利Arbitrage：试图利用不同市场或不同形式的同类或相似金融产品的价格差异牟利。最理想的状态是无风险套利。In economics and finance, arbitrage is the practice of taking advantage of a price differential between two or more markets:

33.biangular arbitrage;两角套利 假设在不考虑交易费用的情况下，纽约市场上美元对欧元的汇率是0，61， 而在伦敦市场上美元对欧元是0.65， 这样就出现了两角套利的机会， 在纽约市场买入欧元然后在伦敦市场上卖出， 在这里能产生4%的利润在每卖出去的欧元。 但是这种个行动会导致纽约市场上欧元的需求量增加导致美元对欧元的汇率升高， 例如到0.63；另一方面， 在伦敦市场上欧元的供给增加导致汇率下降，例如0.63. 这些套利的行动最终使得美元对欧元的汇率相符合。
34.triangular arbitrage; 三角套利
35.basic rates; 基本汇率（也叫直盘或基础汇率）：一般指一国货币与美元的比价。
36.cross rates交叉汇率（也叫交叉盘）：是指两种非美元货币之间的比价，交叉汇率可从基本汇率套算而来。
套汇率 - 任何两种货币间的汇率，这两种货币在给出这对货币对报价的国家被认为是非标准的。比如，在美国，英镑/日元的报价可能被看作一种套汇率，然而在英国或日本它可能是交易中主要的货币对之一。

37.exchange rate risk; 汇率风险:又称外汇风险,指经济主体持有或运用外汇的经济活动中,因汇率变动而蒙受损失的可能性。
38.international financial investment; 国际投资（International Investment）,又称对外投资（Foreign Investment）或海外投资（Overseas Investment），是指跨国公司等国际投资主体，将其拥有的货币资本或产业资本，通过跨国界流动和营运，以实现价值增值的经济行为。
39.international investment with cover;
40.international investment without cover;
41.hedging; 对冲交易即同时进行两笔行情相关、方向相反、数量相当、盈亏相抵的交易。
42. hedgers;
43.speculating;投机投机(Speculation)指根据对市场的判断，把握机会，利用市场出现的价差进行买卖从中获得利润的交易行为。
44. speculators;投机者
45. the forward premium; 升水率
46.the forward discount; 贴税率
贴水值,贴水率,.和升水值,升水率如果是指外汇方面：
远期差价有两种，升水和贴水，在直接标价法（1外币＝n人民币）下外汇贴水意味着外汇在远期贬值，人民币升值，贴水值就是外汇贬值多少基点（一般将0.0001，日元为0.01称为1基点），例如现在即期汇率$1=￥7.7613，假设1个月后为$1=￥7.7583，那么美元贴水值为30点，贴水率为0.003/7.7613。
升水则是与之相反的概念
47.covered interest arbitrage; 抵补套利(Covered Arbitrage)是指把资金调往高利率货币国家或地区的同时，在外汇市场上卖出远期高利率货币，即在进行套利的同时做掉期交易，以避免汇率风险。实际上这就是套期保值，一般的套利保值交易多为抵补套利。
48.uncovered interest arbitrage; 不抵补套利（uncovered interest arbitrage）指把资金从利率低的货币转向利率高的货币，从而谋取利率的差额收入。这种交易不必同时进行反方向交易轧平头寸，但这种交易要承担高利率货币贬值的风险。。
49.covered interest parity; 套补的利率平价。假定iA是A 国货币的利率，iB是B国货币的利率，p是即期远期汇率的升跌水平。假定投资者采取持有远期合约的套补方式交易时，市场最终会使利率与汇率间形成下列关系：p = iA − iB。其经济含义是：汇率的远期升贴水平等于两国货币利率之差。在套补利率平价成立时，如果A 国利率高于B国利率，则A 国远期汇率必将升水，A国货币在远期市场上将贬值。反之亦然。汇率的变动会抵消两国间的利率差异，从而使金融市场处于平衡状态。
50. uncovered interest parity非套补的利率平价。假定投资者根据自己对未来汇率变动的预期而计算预期的收益，在承担一定的汇率风险情况下进行投资活动。假定，Ep表示预期的汇率远期变动率，则Ep = iA − iB。其经济含义是：远期的汇率预期变动率等于两国货币利率之差。在非套补利率平价成立时，如果A国利率高于B国利率，则意味着市场预期A国货币在远期将贬值。
51.PPP; 购买力平价理论 两国货币的汇率主要是由两国货币的购买力决定的。
52.the law of one price; 一价定律可表述为：当贸易开放且交易费用为尽时，同样酌货物无论在何地销售，其价格都相同* 国际金融中的“一价定律”是指：一种商品在各国间的价值是一致的，即是说，通过汇率折算之后的标价是一致的，若在各国间存在价格差异，则会发生商品国际贸易，直到价差被消除，贸易停止，这时达到商品市场的均衡状态。该定律适用于商品市场，与之相似的适用于资本市场的定律是利息平价理论。
53.absolute PPP;
绝对购买力平价认为：一国货币的价值及对它的需求是由单位货币在国内所能买到的商品和劳务的量决定的，即由它的购买力决定的
54.relative PPP; 相对购买力平价弥补了绝对购买力平价一些不足的方面。它的主要观点可以简单地表述为：两国货币的汇率水平将根据两国通胀率的差异而进行相应地调整。 它表明两国间的相对通货膨胀决定两种货币间的均衡汇率。
55.overshooting; 汇率超调（Sticky-Price Monetary Approach/Overshooting）是由美国经济学家鲁迪格•多恩布什(Rudiger•Dornbusch)于20世纪70年代提出的。又称为汇率决定的粘性价格货币分析法

所谓超调通常是指一个变量对给定扰动做出的短期反应超过了其长期稳定均衡值，并因而被一个相反的调节所跟随。导致这种现象出现的起因在于商品市场上的价格存在“粘性”或者“滞后”的特点。56.bandwagon effects; 流行影响或羊群效应The bandwagon effect, also known as social proof or "cromo effect" and closely related to opportunism, is the observation that people often do and believe things because many other people do and believe the same things. “羊群效应”也称“从众心理”。是指管理学上一些企业的市场行为的一种常见现象。
经济学里经常用“羊群效应”来描述经济个体的从众跟风心理。羊群是一种很散乱的组织，平时在一起也是盲目地左冲右撞，但一旦有一只头羊动起来，其他的羊也会不假思索地一哄而上，全然不顾前面可能有狼或者不远处有更好的草。因此，“羊群效应”就是比喻人都有一种从众心理，从众心理很容易导致盲从，而盲从往往会陷入骗局或遭到失败。 57.bubbles; 泡沫经济：虚拟资本过度增长与相关交易持续膨胀日益脱离实物资本的增长和实业部门的成长，金融证券、地产价格飞涨，投机交易极为活跃的经济现象。泡沫经济寓于金融投机，造成社会经济的虚假繁荣，最后必定泡沫破灭，导致社会震荡，甚至经济崩溃。
58. nominal bilateral exchange rate;名义双边汇率
59. nominal effective exchange rate;名义有效汇率
名义汇率和实际汇率

名义汇率就是现实中的货币兑换比率，它可能由市场决定，也可能由官方制定。名义汇率是两种货币之间的双边汇率，运用名义汇率值的变化说明汇率的变动幅度和趋势存在一定的局限性。实际汇率是名义汇率用两国价格水平调整后的汇率，即外国商品与本国商品的相对价格，反映了本国商品的国际竞争力。

60. real bilateral exchange rate; 实际双边汇率
61.real effective exchange rate实际有效汇率
Real Effective Exchange Rate （REER）
名义汇率是又称“市场汇率”。“实际汇率”的对称。一种货币能兑换另一种货币的数量的名义汇率，通常是先设定一个特殊的货币加美元、特别提款权作为标准，然后确定与此种货币的汇率。汇率依美元、特别提款权的币值变动而变动。名义汇率不能反映两国货币的实际价值，是随外汇市场上外汇供求变动而变动而变动的外汇买卖价格。

名义有效汇率是对所有双边汇率按照贸易金额进行加权平均计算出来的汇率；实际有效汇率是在名义有效汇率的基础上，对双边的通胀水平予以剔除。事实上，在经常账户的盈余或赤字、一国的竞争力的决定方面，真正起作用的是实际有效汇率。

实际汇率最普通的定义是指两国商品和劳务的相对价格，即是相对于本国的商品和劳务而言，外国商品和劳务以本币表示的价格。若实际汇率上升，意味着外国商品和劳务的本币价格相对上涨，本币在外国的购买力相对下降，本币实际贬值，外币实际升值；若实际汇率下降，意味着外国商品和劳务的本币价格相对下降，本币在外国的购买力相对上升，本币实际升值，外币实际贬值。
人民币实际汇率的具体计算公式如下：
REER＝（ER×CPI*）/ CPI （1）
其中：ER表示中美双边名义汇率，REER的人民币兑美元双边名义汇率（ER），CPI为以**年为基期的中国消费物价指数，根据中国统计年鉴和统计公报中的环比CPI换算所得；CPI*为以**年为基期的美国城市消费物价指数，根据美国劳工部**年的定基CPI换算所得。

62.convertible currency; 货币自由兑换（Currency Convertibility） 货币自由兑换是指在一个统一的或健全的国际货币体系下，一国货币与他国货币可以通过某种兑换机制自由地交换。63.exchange control; 外汇管制 Foreign exchange control
指一国或经济体对本币与外国货币在境内的自由兑换施加限制和干预的强制政策，以达到维持本国货币币值稳定和实现国际收支平衡等目的。
64.a clean float; 浮动汇率制度的一种，亦称清洁浮动。是指一国的货币汇率完全由外汇市场的供求关系决定，货币当局不采取斜体干预本币汇率波动的措施。
65.a dirty float; 肮脏互动汇率制/有管理浮动汇率制(dirty float/managed float)
指一种官方不公开汇率目标的汇率制度。中央银行或货币当局通过干预外汇市场以使汇率维持在其不公开的目标水平，而目标水平可能会随环境的变化而改变。
66. a managed float; 由政府操纵的汇率浮动
67.adjustable peg; 可调整的钉住汇率制（adjustable pegged exchange rates,Adjustable Peg）可调整的钉住汇率制概述
通常，各国既不会采用完全的固定汇率制，也不会完全让汇率由市场的供求力量来决定，而是有限度地追求汇率的灵活性，就是所谓的可调整的钉住汇率制。
可调整的钉住汇率制（adjustable pegged exchange rates）源于1944的布雷顿森林协定(Bretton Woods system)。在这种体制中，各国的汇率既可以保持稳定又可以具有灵活性。在短期，各国可以使用外汇稳定基金把汇率维持在固定的水平；而在长期，则通过贬值和升值保持收支平衡。
•
68.crawling peg; 爬行钉住汇率制(crawling peg) 爬行钉住汇率制概述
爬行钉住汇率制是固定汇率制和浮动汇率制的折中，其含义是一国对货币平价进行细微的、经常性的调整，扭转一国的国际收支失衡，是将汇率钉住某种平价，但根据一组选定的指标频繁地、小幅度地调整所钉住平价的一种汇率安排。赤字国和盈余国都会一直调整汇率水平，直到满意为止。并且平价的变动分许多小步进行，汇率的调整尽可能地接近连续。其调整是按照这些指示变量来进行的：相对于主要贸易伙伴国的本国价格的变化；外汇储备水平；出口业绩；国际收支经常账户的状况。巴西、阿根廷、智利等国家使用该制度。 爬行制的基本思想是：一国可以小幅度地、经常地调整平价，一年可以调整几次，使平价按市场条件的变化缓慢爬行。
69.reserve currencies; 储备货币储备货币是指中央银行长期持有的具备国际清偿力的货币。
70.foreign exchange market intervention; 外汇市场干预
外汇市场干预是指中央银行(或货币当局)为管理本国货币的汇率,在外汇市场上进行的外汇买卖.其中包括外汇市场干预的目标选择、干预的组织、干预的途径、干预的频度等
71.sterilized intervention; 外汇冲销干预
“中和干预”又叫冲销式干预，它是政府管理汇率的重要政策之一，也称冲销政策。它是指中央银行进行数量相等但方向相反的国外和国内资产交易，以抵消外汇干预对国内货币供给的影响。72.non-sterilized intervention; 非冲销干预
非冲销式干预就是指中央银行在干预外汇市场时不采取其他金融政策与之配合,即不改变因外汇干预而造成的货币供应量的变化.
73. gold standard; 金本位制就是以黄金为本位币的货币制度。在金本位制下，或每单位的货币价值等同于若干重量的黄金（即货币含金量）；当不同国家使用金本位时，国家之间的汇率由它们各自货币的含金量之比--金平价（Gold Parity）来决定。
74. the Bretton Woods system; 布雷顿森林货币体系是指战后以美元为中心的国际货币体系。75.“two-tier” gold price system. 双重金价制
双重金价制. two-tier gold system. 为保护国际货币储备不受金价高涨压力的影响而作出的安排。

④ "忠心祝贵公司生意兴隆,财源广进!" 英语怎么说

I sincerely wish you a prosperous business and prosperous financial resources!

1、financial resources的读音：英 [faɪˈnænʃl rɪˈsɔːsɪz]，美 [faɪˈnænʃl ˈriːsɔːrsɪz]。

2、释义：财政资源、资金、财力。

3、例句：

.

残障人士会需要更多的财政资源。

.

财力分散。

NOTE:,.

Large,,bringingtechnologicalknow-howandfinancialresources.

大规模的、专业化运营的国际集团投资巴西，带来了专门技术知识和金融资源。

,andsourcesof,financialresources.

资源管理应当包括确定财务资源需求和确定财务资源来源的活动。

,.

在监测财政资源之外，我们必须以更具战略性和协调的方式看待资源筹集。

t

经济发展中财源与财政收入背离问题研究

,materialandfinancialresources.

项目团队情况：该项目需要大量的人力，物力和财力。

,.

我们所需要的只是财政资助、科学合作和政治意愿。

www.scidev.net

⑤ 在年份后面加了一个F，是什么意思

年份后加F（forecasted），代表数据是预测出来的数据。如果FY在前面，fiscal year 表示财政年度

⑥ 翻译葡萄牙语

我需要税收鉴定才能进入巴西..
好奇怪0 0

⑦ “金融”英文缩写是什么

Finance
F就是Finance金融的缩写!
拓展资料：常见金融英文缩写，仅供大家借鉴学习
宏观经济指标类
CPI
消费者物价指数(Consumer Price Index)，是反映与居民生活有关的产品及劳务价格统计出来的物价变动指标，通常作为观察通货膨胀水平的重要指标。当CPI>3%的增幅时我们称为通货膨胀;而当CPI>5%的增幅时，称为严重通货膨胀。
PPI
生产者物价指数(Procer Price Index)，指通过计算生产过程中所有阶段上所获得的产品的价格水平变动而得到的指数。
GDP
国内生产总值(gross domestic proct)，是指一定时期内(一个季度或一年)，一个国家或地区的经济中所生产出的全部最终产品和提供劳务的市场价值的总值。
GNP
国民生产总值(Gross National Proct)，它是指一个国家地区的国民经济在一定时期(一般1年)内以货币表现的全部最终产品(含货物和服务)价值的总和。
PPP
PPP模式，又称为公私合营模式，即Public—Private—Partnership的字母缩写，起源于英国的“公共私营合作”的融资机制，是指政府与私人组织之间，为了合作建设城市基础设施项目，或是为了提供某种公共物品和服务，以特许权协议为基础，彼此之间形成一种伙伴式的合作关系，并通过签署合同来明确双方的权利和义务，以确保合作的顺利完成，最终使合作各方达到比预期单独行动更为有利的结果。PP模式将部分政府责任以特许经营权方式转移给社会主体(企业)，政府与社会主体建立起“利益共享、风险共担、全程合作”的共同体关系，政府的财政负担减轻，社会主体的投资风险减小。
BOT
BOT，即build—operate—transfer(建设—经营—转让)，是指政府通过契约授予私营企业(包括外国企业)以一定期限的特许专营权，许可其融资建设和经营特定的公用基础设施，并准许其通过向用户收取费用或出售产品以清偿贷款，回收投资并赚取利润;特许权期限届满时，该基础设施无偿移交给政府。
目前，国内很多城市的污水处理厂、垃圾发电厂等项目，都是采用BOT的投资方式。
金融组织类
WTO
世界贸易组织(World Trade Organization)，成立于1995年1月1日，其前身是关税和贸易总协定(GATT)，是一个独立于联合国的永久性国际组织，负责管理世界经济和贸易秩序，总部设在瑞士日内瓦莱蒙湖畔。世贸组织是具有法人地位的国际组织，在调解成员争端方面具有更高的权威性。世贸组织与世界银行、国际货币基金组织一起，并称为当今世界经济体制的“三大支柱”。
IMF
国际货币基金组织(the International Monetary Fund)，是政府间的国际金融组织。它是根据1944年7月在美国新罕布什尔州布雷顿森林召开联合国和联盟国家的国际货币金融会议上通过的《国际货币基金协定》而建立起来的。于1945年12月27日 正式成立，1947年3月1日 开始办理业务。同年11月15日成为联合国的一个专门机构，但在经营上有其独立性。至今，IMF已有182个成员国。IMF主要业务活动有：向成员国提供货款，在货币问题上促进国际合作，研究国际货币制度改革的有关问题，研究扩大基金组织的作用，提供技术援助和加强同其它国际机构的联系。
APEC
亚太经济合作组织(Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)，是亚太地区最具影响的经济合作官方论坛，成立于1989年。1989年1月，澳大利亚总理霍克访问韩国时建议召开部长级会议，讨论加强亚太经济合作问题。1989年11月5日至7日，澳大利亚、美国、加拿大、日本、韩国、新西兰和东南亚国家联盟6国在澳大利亚首都堪培拉举行亚太经济合作会议首届部长级会议，这标志着亚太经济合作会议的成立。1993年6月改名为亚太经济合作组织。
BRICs
金砖四国，是指巴西(Brazil)、俄罗斯(Russia)、印度(India)和中国(China)四国，因这四个国家的英文名称首字母组合而成的“BRICs”一词，其发音与英文中的“砖块”(bricks)一词非常相似，故被称为“金砖四国”。 这四个国家中，巴西被称为“世界原料基地”;俄罗斯被称为“世界加油站”;印度被称为“世界办公室”;中国被称为“世界工厂”。

⑧ 巴西概况 英文简介

Brazil general situation
???? country:Brazil federal republic
??????????( The? Federative? Republic? of? Brazil,
???????????? Rep ú blica? Federativa? do? Brasil)?

????? national flag:? Distance that report the rectangular, and grow with the breadth it than for 10 ∶ 7. The ensign ground is green, in the center is a yellow rhombus, its four topses and ensign sides all equal. The rhombus in the center is a 蓝色 day ball 仪 , its up have the white of an arch form to take. Green, the yellow is a Brazilian national beauty. Abundant 矿藏 of that bush of vast country of green symbol, yellow representative is with the resources. Day 26 states for ball arch on the 仪 form white taking surface of sphere is divided intoing the top and bottom twoth parts, second half department symbol Southern Hemisphere 星空 , different white of its last size fifth Cape 星 representative Brazilianlies are with a federal area. The white take to up writes the “ order with progresses with Portuguese text".??

????National insignia:? The pattern is in the center outstanding a big five Cape 星 , independence of nation symbol and solidify. Big five 蓝色 circle in Cape 星 s up have five small five ten horoscopes of Cape 星 s, representative south; Have in the circle wreath 22 small five each state of Cape 星 s, representative Brazils are with the federal area. Big five Cape 星 surroundings surround the garland, back of useful coffee leaf that weave to stand up with tobacco leaf on carry under fifth Cape 星 s the sword, hilt of a swording. The 绶 take to up write the “ Brazil the federal republic with Portuguese text", “ 1889 November 15".( the republic establish the day)?

????Important festival:??????

???????? independent day:September 7?(1822)

????????? National Day:September 7
(1822)
????????? Indian's day:April 19?

?
Brazil Rio de Janeiro 着 ' s melon 纳 the 巴 pull the gulf
?
???? national high-ranking officials:? Does the president's 卢 pulls the · to reach a 尔 tile?( Lula? da? Silva)?, The 2002 win an election October, and the 2003 is on January 1 a 职 .?

????Nature geography:854.7 ten thousand square kilometer, is Latin- American biggest nation of the area. Locate the southeast department in South America. The north 邻 method belong to Guyana, Suriname, Guyana, Venezuela with Columbia, west 邻 Peru, Bolivia, the south connect the Paraguay, Argentina be close to Atlantic Ocean with Uruguay, east. The coast line grow more than 7400 seseses, territorial waters width 12 outside 专 of nautical miles, territorial waterses belong to the economic area 188 nautical mile. National territory 80% locate the tropical region, most the south carry to belong to subtropics weather. Northern part the plain of second horse Sun belong to the average air temperature of equator weather, year 27 － 29 ℃ . The central part plateau belong to the drought, raining season of tropical steppe weather, cent. South department average air temperature in region 16 － 19 ℃ .?

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Brazil card that body does the in beautiful attire pull the 雅族 ?
?

?
The Brazil south compares the card tile to pull the 族
The person proceeds bow and arrow game
?

?
Body the in beautiful attire's Brazil 帕 tower
The 肖族 spring ups the race to dance
?
???? Population:1.696 hundred million(2000)s, occupy the world population of 2.8%, reside to pull beautiful and first. among them the white man occupy54.?03%, black and white mixed blood the person occupy39.?94%, the black race person occupy5.?39%, the yellow race person occupy 0.46%, the Indian is roughly to occupy0.?16%.The Portuguese language is an authorities language.71% of the resident believe in the Catholic.?Brazil “ Indian's day"?

???? capital:? Brazil is benefit second( Brasilia)?, The population is roughly 204.32 myriad people(2000) s, melted the 汇 the world thou to construct the art's essence now, and have the “ world the building exposition" it call. The city construct by the side of artificial lake, then three power squares resemble a head for cores, shape with an eastern exposure airplane of square 巨 type.1987 the year, United Nations teach section text how to organize to declare to list as the human culture wealth of “ the second city of Brazil benefit".??

????The administrative area rows:The whole nation totally is divided intoes 26 stateses to establish the municipal, whole nation to totally have with 1 federal area( Brazil second federal area of benefit), state down 5507 City, among them 15 above have 79,100 above have 12.(1999)Name of each state is as follows: 阿 gram, Allah 戈斯 , second horse Sun, 阿 horse 帕 , 巴 the 伊 is second, 塞 Allah, saint 埃斯 skin the second 斯 , horse of diagram, 戈 pull the 尼 the 昂 , horse 托格罗 the 索 , south horse 托格罗 the 索 , rice 纳斯 the 吉 to pull the 斯 , 帕 to pull, the 帕 pull the 伊 the 巴 , 巴 to pull the that, 伯 south cloth the elder brother, skin 奥 the 伊 , north 奥格 the 兰 is virtuous, south 奥格 the 兰 is virtuous, many 尼 s in Rio de Janeiro, 朗 are second, the rare 培 , 托 of 尔 of 罗 , 塞 of 琳 , saint 保 of horse, saint card tower of 罗赖 axe the 廷斯 .??

????Chien's history:The ancient times Brazil for printing peaceful person of ground live the groundses.1500 year April 22 the cloth of Portuguese navigator card pull the 尔 to arrive the Brazil.16 century the 沦 is a Portuguese colony.1807Year Nepoleon invades Portugal, 葡 royal house to escape the Brazil the empress, Brazil in reality the 葡 ' s empire the 葡 royal house of center.1821 year move to return Lisbon, prince to wear the virtuous 罗 to stay the Brazil term the 摄政 the king.1822Year September 7 the winning is independent, and establish the Brazil the empire.1888 the year abrogates May slave's system.1889Year November 15 丰塞 card the general stage the coup to abrogate the 帝 system, and establish the republic.1891年2月24日通过第一部共和国宪法，定国名为巴西合众国。1960The year be moved by Rio de Janeiro capital is toward the Brazil benefit second.1964 March 31 of years, soldier's coup go on stage, practice the 独 to cut the governance, and change the country the by name Brazil the federal republic in 1967.

?
1931Year October 12, high 30 riceseses, heavy 1145 tonseses, last the engineering's Christ 石 of 10 year the statue
At around the original camel hump top of hill of municipal stand on end.
It is one of the symbol thing of Rio de Janeiro Cities
?
???? Politics: In 1988 the new constitution promulgating on October 5 rules, and the president be proced by direct election, and cancel direct power of ordinance promulgation of president. The president is a national head of state with the government mastermind 兼 armed forces' commander in chief.1994 year with 1997 the parliament pass the constitution revision bill, and distinguish the provision to shorten president's tenure as four years, president with each state, mayor can all connect to choose to serve another term. The citizen parliament be constitute, exercised by federal 参议院 is with the House of Representatives legislative power, for the country tallest power organization in house.The main working talent establishes the whole laws in the federal scopes; Certain period and armed power number of peace; The establishment whole nation is with the region development plan; Declare the general amnesty the ream; The authorization president declares the war or peace; The approval president visit with vice- President; Grant or cancel the federal to interfere or impose curfew; Investigate the president 账 the 目 ; The approval president signs the international treaty; The decision is temporary to move capital the etc.. the cabinet is a government administration organization, cabinet the member be appointment to officed by president.

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The biggest 保 benefit in the city saint 保罗 City of Brazil 斯
The avenue ascends the lofty financing institution mansion. Saint 保罗
Is a Brazilian finance, business with the manufacturing instry center.
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Economy:? River of second horse Sun that Brazil nature term with abundant resources. It is river valley that horizontal 贯 is northern part is wide in the world, biggest river of the discharge. Vegetable contain the lung of the “ the Earth" of the area of second horse Sun forest calling amount to 750 ten thousand square kilometer, occupy the world forest one of the area's three centseses, among them big the part locate Brazil inshore. Extremely have on the fifth river 巴 of southern world of west pull that river big 瀑 cloth of Su of sublime 伊 melon, Brazil match the quilt 誉 that set up with Paraguay for the biggest water electricity of world that “ century engineering" to stand the 伊泰 the 普 water the electricity to stand and then set up on the 巴 pull that river. Brazil 矿产 the resources is abundant, and primarily there is iron, uranium, aluminum 矾 soil, manganese, petroleum, natural gas and coal etc.. Among them and already clear iron mine sand of 探 the 储 measure to 650 hundred million tons, yield with export to measure to all reside the world the first. Uranium 矿 , aluminum 矾 soil is with the manganese 矿 the 储 measure to all reside the world the third. Technique level that Brazil pull the beautiful the first economic giant, and have forer complete instry system, instry proction value to reside to pull the beautiful head. steel, car, build the ship, petroleum, chemical engineering, electric power, make the shoe etc. The profession to possess the great reputation, 核 the electricity, communication, electronics, airplane the manufacturing, information, soldier the work to wait the realm in the world to have already across intoed the world advanced countries the row or column. Brazil is the biggest coffee of world to proce the country with export the country, and have the “ coffee the Kingdom" it call, and the sugar cane is with the orange's yield to also reside the world's head. The soybean yield reside the world the second, corn yield to reside the world the third. Brazil is only next to the United States proce the country with the third candy of Germany's world. Various candy yield annually amount to 800 hundred million. Candy instry year proction value is 5 hundred million US$. Every year export the candy 5 ten thousand tons are or so. Livestock husbandry that the national arable land area is roughly 4 hundred million hectares, quilt 誉 are the world 粮 of “ twenty- One centuries 仓 ". Brazil prosper very much, then keep the cow is lord. The 巴 is a big country of South America steel, for the world the country of the sixth 产 steel, steel material export to amount to 1200 ten thousand ton, occupy the total deal of national steel material of 54%. Also pull the ninth car of beautiful the first, world to proce the big country. Point that Brazilianly travel the long and negative 盛 of instry, for the world ten big travel to create the one of the 汇 countries. Primarily travel to church contain 罗 , El Salvador in Rio de Janeiro, saint 保 with the old building, Brazil of thou benefit cloth of second city, 伊 melon Su 瀑 is with the 伊泰普 the water electricity stand, agate 斯 free port, money the city, 巴 pull that 石 the wood with the etc. of big marsh ground.??Currency: Second 尔 of thunder>>>????? Brazil does the sea beach romantic feeling draw the >>>? Brazil 览胜 :(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)

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Second — of Brazil benefit the most young and human culture of the — inheritance
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???? “ coffee Kingdom" is —— Brazil? Pull the beautiful and big country the Brazil with the coffee quality the 优 , flavor is thick but famous world, is biggest coffee in the world to proce the country with export to country, vegetable contain “ coffee the Kingdom" it call.?

????Labor force that Original 产 of coffee is in Africa's 埃塞俄 the ratio is second, and stream into the Brazil in 1727. Coffee that Brazil locate South America the southeast, ground tropical zone and subtropics, the special geography suit to plant the coffee, add with weather term very cheap, the coffee plant the quick rise of instry.19 century, Brazilian plant to almost spread over the whole nation, and again become to keep on the long “ coffee of a century the prosperous period later on". The big area of coffee plant, gave to Brazil brought the wealth with prosper.20Century beginning, Brazil of 7 10 5% that coffee yield occupy the world the total yield is above, from but won the “ coffeed the Kingdom" of beautiful call.?

????The coffee is Brazil an one of the pillars. The whole nation have consumedly small and small coffee plantation 50 ten thousandses, plant the area roughly 220 ten thousand hectare, amount to from the instry population 600 many ten thousand, year 产 coffee 200 ten thousand tons are or so, and the year export to create the 汇 near 20 hundred million US$. in recent years, because of export the constructioning of the variety be in a rut with international coffee market, Brazil coffee proce with export measure to have the descent.

????Emergence, Brazilian that Cool love coffee of Brazilian.60 the age, Brazilian is all the year coffee consume to measure to amount to 5 · 8 kilogram. In the last two decades, along with the other beverage all the coffee consume to measure to still exceed 3 kilogram.In the Brazil, wether in the city or country, the assorted coffee shop is everywhere therefore. People can almost and at any time and anywhere and drink the hot coffee of the thick 郁 fragrance.

????Big country of “ football" is —— Brazil? Brazil is a big country of world football. The football exercise to is not only is Brazil civil of common a fondness for, but also the pride of whole race. Football club that Brazil occupation ball team it is many, it may be said the world's 冠 . Formally register the registration to already have more than 2 10000, be engaged in the number of the football sport to over million. Besides king of baseball shell benefit, Brazil still own the 济 the section, Su's 格 to pull the bottom, card thunder the card, 罗纳 the 尔 many, the tile 尔 is much, Rome the 奥 wait a large quantity the football star of the world class.

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The carnival of second horse Sun originates 17 centuries an only bull legend that rescue, afterwards the native son be used as the cow to revel the symbol of the stanza. Now this festival have become the traditional festival of largest race, pole 富 of Brazil the Indian of the region of second horse Sun the special features. every year draw on the large quantity visitor to come to observe and learn.
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????The news publishes: In 2000, the national newspaper have 500 1485 kindseses, issuance � kinds, magazine measure at 15 more than ten thousand main newspapers and magazineses have: Round- the- World report of 》 , 《 of 》 , 《 saint 保罗 state report of 《 saint 保罗 page report 》 , 《 people 邮 report 》 , 《 the zero order the 》 etc.. The main magazine have: The 《 pleases see the 》 , 《 thises is a 》 , 《 ages 》 etc., all for the weekly magazine.

????According to the covariance, whole nation of the 2001 contain 2965 houses � broadcasting station, among them 1418 houses � frequency molation set. Big many for private and all, the Brazil broadcast the company for authorities broadcasting station. Large television station contain seven round- the- World sets" amount to for national and biggest privately owned television station, of national 覆 cover 99.77%. Other and bigger privately owned television station contain “ Brazil television net the" and “ class 特兰 virtuous 斯 " wait. What government manage have two house, then national television station is with the ecational TV set. the above broadcasting station use the Portuguese language with television station all.?

????Point that Diplomacy: Carry out the independent independence, hands- off do not the foreign policy of the country domestic affairs. Bring up the foreign policy to is for economy to serve. The attention enhance the 同 the relation of nation the third world.?

????With the China relation: Chinese 亭 that many year agos of as early as a hundred in China and Brazil started company with, set upping in the Rio de Janeiro 蒂茹 card national park is for 1812 in the last years this spread the 艺 ' s permanence of Chinese tea agriculture August 15 of memorial.1974 year two countries have diplomatic relation since then, politics, economy, trade, culture, technology cooperation smooth development. Two high layer of countrieses with each other visit multifarious.Jiang Zeming's chairman in 1993 November and visited April in 2001 many 佐s of president's cards of December of Brazil.1995 years, Brazils proceeds to China national affairs interview.2004年5月，卢拉总统对中国进行国事访问，双方签署联合公报。2004Year November, the Hu Jintao's chairman proceeds to Brazil national affairs interview.两国政府为建立长期、稳定、互利的战略伙伴关系作出了不懈努力。1999In year the 巴 unite the first the Earth resources that research to manufacture the satellite blast-off the success.2004年7月，中巴合作生产的支线飞机首次进入我国国内航空市场。Now, Brazil is China at pull beautiful and biggest trading partner, China and is Brazilian and the fourth 贸易伙伴和第三大出口 ? The 2003, double the side trade volume amount to 79.86 hundred million US$.1986年11月24日，北京同里约热内卢结为姊妹城。

⑨ 有懂葡萄牙语的人没一个小翻译

NF是nota fiscal的缩写，是发票的意思。
Emissão NF，应该是发表上登记的日期。

⑩ 葡萄牙语翻译

是的，确实需要CPF（巴西的一种个人税单）。这样的话你们就会有RG（registro geral 类似中国的身份证）。我会通知你们是否有一种方法能让你用那些小票。吻（女士告别常说）
ps这个应该是巴西的吧？不过我不太明白你们要cupom fiscal干嘛？要报销吗？我现在在巴西，超市的小票是cupom所以就翻译成这个了，有不懂可以再追问。